Peptide cov tshuaj hormones feem ntau muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm ob peb mus rau ntau lub kaum os amino acids - piv txwv suav nrog insulin (51 amino acids) thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv diuretic (9 amino acids). Lawv cov synthesis suav nrog cov txheej txheem xws li gene transcription thiab post-kev hloov pauv kev txhais lus (xws li, folding thiab cleavage); cov peptides paub tab yog thaum kawg khaws cia rau hauv secretory granules thiab tso tawm nyob rau hauv teb rau physiological signals.
Peptide cov tshuaj hormones taug kev los ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau lub hom phiaj hauv nruab nrog cev, qhov chaw uas lawv khi rau G protein-coupled receptors lossis tyrosine kinase receptors ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes, yog li ua rau txoj hauv kev hauv lub cev. Piv txwv li, insulin khi rau nws cov receptor activates glucose transporters, pab txhawb cellular qabzib uptake, whereas kev loj hlob hormone indirectly txhawb cov pob txha loj hlob los ntawm stimulating lub siab los tsim insulin{2}}zoo li kev loj hlob yam 1 (IGF-1).
